The Glacier Ice Impact Hypothesis proposes
that the Carolina Bays formed as the result of secondary impacts of glacier ice ejected by an
extraterrestrial impact on the Laurentide Ice Sheet approximately 12,800 BP.
The elliptical geometry of the Carolina Bays with width-to-length ratios of 0.58 ± 0.05 indicates
that they originated as conical cavities inclined at approximately 35 degrees and were subsequently
remodeled by geologic processes into shallow bays.
The impacts by the saturation bombardment of ice boulders with energies of 13 kilotons to 3 megatons
would have caused a mass extinction within a radius of 1500 km from the extraterrestrial impact site
and the liquid water ejected above the atmosphere would have transformed into a fog of ice crystals
in low Earth orbit that blocked the light of the sun, triggering a global cooling event.
This hypothesis was published in the Elsevier peer-reviewed journal Geomorphology.
A. Zamora, A model for the geomorphology of the Carolina Bays, Geomorphology (2017),
DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.019
Experiments and ballistic equations are used to provide support for the hypothesis that the Carolina Bays could have originated from impacts of glacier ice ejected by an extraterrestrial impact on the Laurentide ice sheet during the Pleistocene.
The Carolina Bays were created by secondary impacts of glacier ice ejected by a meteorite impact on the Laurentide Ice Sheet about 12,800 years ago.
Zamora, A., A model for the geomorphology of the Carolina Bays, Geomorphology, Volume 282, 1 April 2017, Pages 209–216, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.019
The perfect elliptical geometry of the Carolina Bays is a clue about the mechanism by which the bays were formed. A trail of evidence leads to the discovery of a catastrophe that caused a mass extinction during the ice age.
A meteorite impact 12,900 years ago caused the extinction of the North American megafauna and triggered the Younger Dryas cooling event. Several clues point to the location of the impact crater.
The Carolina Bays are predominantly elliptical, but their shapes can be changed by erosion or by the conditions of the terrain where they were emplaced.
The Nebraska Rainwater Basins have the same geometrical characteristics as the Carolina Bays and probably were created by similar physical mechanisms. This video examines the geological characteristics of the Nebraska Rainwater Basins.
An impact interpretation of Herndon Bay and the paradigm shift that will occur with the recognition that the Carolina Bays were created by secondary impacts of glacier ice.
Graham Hancock explored the Carolina Bays as part of his research for his new book "America Before: The Evidence of Earth's Lost Civilization". Randall Carlson, George Howard, Michael Davias, and Santha Faiia came along in the expedition.
This video examines the geological traces left on a variety of terrains by the secondary impacts of ice boulders ejected by an extraterrestrial impact on the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
This video compares the Carolina Bays with modern oriented lakes.
Kaczorowski's 1977 thesis does not provide a solid or reliable foundation for the hypothesis that the Carolina Bays are similar to oriented lakes.
This video examines some of the objections that have been raised against the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis and whether it is possible to build a physics-based model with the data that has been collected thus far.
This video discusses the 31-kilometer impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland that may have formed at the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling event.
This video examines the orientation of the Earth relative to the Solar System and concludes that impacts by pieces of a disintegrating comet in the northern hemisphere are more likely to occur during the summer.
The geometry and the dates of the Carolina Bays lead to different conclusions. The elliptical geometry implies that the bays originated as inclined conical cavities, but the dates indicate that the bays could not have formed at the same time and that they formed by gradualistic processes over thousands of years.
This video discusses the hypothesis that the Carolina Bays were created by the saturation bombardment of pieces of ice ejected by an extraterrestrial impact on a glacier during the Ice Age and the possibility that more than one impact could have triggered the Younger Dryas cooling event.
Index
Antonio Zamora - Carolina Bays
